大理石×ガラスパネルが生み出す半透明なファサード

© Iwan Baan

© Iwan Baan

アメリカ・ニューヨークに位置する〈ペレルマン・パフォーミング・アーツ・センター（Perelman Performing Arts Center）〉は、さまざまなイベントを通じてアーティストと観客のつながりを生み出す、大理石に包まれたファサードが特徴的な文化施設です。

2023年9月にオープンした、ワールドトレードセンター跡地のマスタープランにおける最後の公共施設であり、ニューヨークを拠点とする建築デザイン事務所 REXが設計しました。

注目ポイント

• 音楽、演劇、ダンス、オペラ、映画など多様なパフォーミング・アーツの拠点
• 60以上の空間構成を可能にするフレキシブルな劇場空間
• ポルトガル産大理石×ガラス積層パネルによる半透明ファサード
• 昼間は一枚岩のような外観であり、夜間は内部から発光し、柔らかな光を放つ
• 断熱パネルとしての機能ももち、エネルギー効率を維持

（以下、REXから提供されたプレスキットのテキストの抄訳）

© Iwan Baan

© Iwan Baan

2023年9月にオープンした〈ペレルマン・パフォーミング・アーツ・センター〉は、マイケル・ブルームバーグ前ニューヨーク市長が主導した、16エーカーのワールドトレードセンター跡地のマスタープランにおける文化の要であり、最後の公共施設である。

現在、ブルームバーグ氏が理事長を務めるこの新しい非営利のパフォーミング・アーツ・センターは、音楽、演劇、ダンス、オペラ、映画、その他の特別イベントを通じて、ニューヨーク市および世界中のアーティストと観客のつながりを生み出し、人々を楽しませ、鼓舞し、団結させる芸術の力を示すことだろう。

© Iwan Baan

© Iwan Baan

2014年の国際設計コンペティションを経て、REXは2015年に〈ペレルマン・パフォーミング・アーツ・センター〉の設計依頼を受けた。

REXによる129,000ft²（約11,980m²）の設計は、初期の概要を策定した劇場コンサルタントであるCharcoalblueと主任建築事務所であるDavis Brody Bondと緊密に協力して作成されたものあり、〈ペレルマン・パフォーミング・アーツ・センター〉の芸術的使命にインスピレーションを得たものである。

この建物は、劇場に比類のないフレキシビリティを提供し、力強い芸術表現を育み、創造的なパフォーマンスのためのデジタルに接続した空間を実現する。

© Iwan Baan

© Iwan Baan

建物の大理石のファサードは、昼間はエレガントな一枚岩を思わせ、夜間は堅牢なファサードが消え去り、内側から温かく光る。

この変化するファサードは、半透明で縞模様のポルトガル産大理石の両面にガラスを積層し、断熱パネルとして一体化したものである。この石とガラスのパネルは、自然光を取り入れながら、エネルギー効率を維持し、大理石を極端な気象条件から保護する。

© Iwan Baan

© Iwan Baan

〈ペレルマン・パフォーミング・アーツ・センター〉には、異なるサイズの3つのフレキシブルな会場がある。大型可動壁と隣接するシーン用ドックを使用することで、これらの劇場は組み合わせたりと、60以上の構成に変更が可能である。

パフォーマンススペースは物理的にも音響的にも、ドラマからダンス、オペラまでのさまざまな芸術分野、創造的なビジョン、体験に対応でき、自動化および手動の技術システムツールキットにより、クリエイティブチームは希望する芸術表現と観客体験を実現するために空間を変えることができる。

© Iwan Baan

© Iwan Baan

© Iwan Baan

© Iwan Baan

© Iwan Baan

以下、REXのリリース（英文）です。

Perelman Performing Arts Center (PAC NYC)
Building Fact Sheet

About the Institution

Perelman Performing Arts Center (PAC NYC) is the cultural keystone and final public element in the 2003 Master Plan under the leadership of then New York City Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg for the rebuilt 16-acre World Trade Center site. Now chaired by Mr. Bloomberg, the new, not-for-profit performing arts center will create connections between artists and audiences from across New York City and around the world through music, theater, dance, opera, film, and other special events, demonstrating the power of the arts to entertain, inspire, and unite. PAC NYC will open in September 2023.

Project Overview

In 2015, following a 2014 international design competition, architecture firm REX was commissioned to design the Perelman Performing Arts Center, a new, state-of-the-art, not-for-profit performing arts center.

REX’s 129,000-square-foot design, created in close collaboration with theater consultant Charcoalblue (which developed the initial brief), and executive architect Davis Brody Bond, is inspired by PAC NYC’s artistic mission. The building will provide unparalleled theatrical flexibility, foster powerful artistic expression, and deliver technologically advanced and digitally connected spaces for creative performance.

The building’s marble façade creates an elegant monolith by day; by night, the solid façade dematerializes and glows warmly from within. This transformative façade is composed of translucent, veined Portuguese marble (Estremoz Luminati) laminated on both sides with glass and fabricated into integrated, insulated panels. The stone-glass panels allow daylight to penetrate while upholding energy performance and protecting the marble from extreme weather conditions.

PAC NYC includes three flexible venues of different sizes. Using large movable walls and adjacent scene docks, these theaters can be combined or transformed into ten proportions and more than five dozen configurations. Physically and acoustically, the performance spaces can accommodate a multiplicity of artistic disciplines (from intimate drama to dance to opera), creative visions, and experiences. A toolkit of automated and manual technical systems enables creative teams to transform the spaces to fulfill their desired artistic expressions and audience experiences.

Location: 251 Fulton Street
PAC NYC is located on the World Trade Center campus, sited adjacent to One World Trade Center and across from the 9/11 Memorial & Museum.

Leadership: Michael R. Bloomberg, Chair, Board of Directors, Khady Kamara, Executive Director, Bill Rauch, Artistic Director

Design Architect: REX, Joshua Ramus, Founding Principal
Executive Architect: Davis Brody Bond
Theater & AV Consultant: Charcoalblue
Acoustician: Threshold Acoustics
Restaurant/Lobby Interior Architect: Rockwell Group, David Rockwell, Founder & President
Project Cost: $500 million

Project Timeline:
2015: Commission awarded.
2017: Underground infrastructure begins.
2019: Construction begins.
2022: Façade completed.
2023: Opening.

Size: 129,000 sf (12,000 m²)

Organization
To accommodate the program on the tight, complex site, REX organized PAC NYC onto three main levels, with the layout and character of the Theater Level’s performance spaces driving the design.

The three main levels, from bottom to top, are:

Public Level: Includes a lobby that will serve as a “living room” for Lower Manhattan, with a lobby stage for free programming, and a Marcus Samuelsson restaurant, bar, and exterior terrace. Restaurant and lobby interiors were designed by Rockwell Group.

Artists Level: Contains all artist support areas, including dressing rooms and the “trap,” housing the mechanical lifts beneath, and serving, the Zuccotti Theater.

Theater Level: Provides three performance spaces—the John E. Zuccotti Theater (seating up to 450 people), the Mike Nichols Theater (seating up to 250), and the Doris Duke Theater (seating up to 99)—as well as two scene docks and a rehearsal lounge. The three performance spaces can be used concurrently or in combination and can be reconfigured into more than ten proportions and more than sixty stage-audience arrangements, ranging from 90 to 950 seats.

Design Highlights

Façade
• REX designed the façade, in collaboration with façade consultant Front, out of 1/2” (12 mm) translucent marble slabs sandwiched between glass and integrated into insulated glass units (“IGUs”). Each of the 4,896 IGUs measures 5 x 3 feet and weighs 295 pounds.
• Through a process called “book matching,” REX composed the panels so that the marble veining forms a biaxially symmetric pattern, which repeats on all four sides of the building.
• During the day, sunlight passes through the façade, imparting the amber glow of the marble onto the interior. At night, this amber glow is reversed as the façade is lit from within.
• Polished aluminum LED pendants light the perimeter walkways from top to bottom, illuminating the building’s exterior from within while providing house lighting for theatergoers. REX and the lighting design consultant Tillotson Design Associates collaborated on the building’s illumination.

Theaters
• REX collaborated with Charcoalblue to design PAC NYC’s performance spaces.
• Four massive vertically sliding (“guillotine”) walls (two at 46 tons each and two at 23 tons each) can be raised or lowered to separate or combine the performance spaces while maintaining acoustical separation. Configurations of seating and stage areas within each theater can be changed using a combination of mechanical and manual systems.
• Movable seating towers in the Zuccotti Theater enable a range of stage formats from Courtyard and Horseshoe to Theater-In-the-Round and Thrust arrangements.
• A two-level system consisting of interwoven catwalks and walkable grids allows for a variety of theatrical rigging overhead to support multiple stage configurations.
• The Zuccotti Theater’s automation includes fifty-six Gala Spiralifts located in the trap which allow the space to transform amongst the different seating and stage configurations.
• The Nichols Theater’s fully removable catwalks and demountable audience balcony allow this venue to flex from a stand-alone performance space, to a stage and backstage area for PAC NYC’s largest formats.
• Room acoustics, designed by REX in collaboration with acousticians Threshold Acoustics, are designed to create a boundaryless, diffuse “forest clearing” experience where specific acoustic signatures can be created in alignment with the performance configuration.
• The three theaters float independently from each other and the rest of the building on foot-thick rubber pads. The pads acoustically isolate the theaters from each other, allowing simultaneous performances, while protecting them from vibration caused by the PATH train tracks and subway lines below.

Restaurant / Lobby
• Rockwell Group was engaged to design the interiors of PAC NYC’s lobby, restaurant, lounge, bar, and outdoor terrace.
• Rockwell Group’s design was driven by the idea of creating a warm and welcoming arrival experience for guests, giving a hint of the experiences to come from the street level. Because the building is an elevated, monolithic form, a dynamic, glowing lobby ceiling can be seen from the street, like signage; the interior becomes invitation, architecture, wayfinding, and lighting in one.
• The built-in stage in the southern end of the lobby offers an area for casual performances throughout the day, including seating that varies in height and two custom, modular sofas that frame the space in the rear and shield from the central pathway. When the stage is not hosting performances, it transitions into additional lounge seating.
• The welcoming restaurant, helmed by chef Marcus Samuelsson, is adjacent to the lobby. Transparent glass at the restaurant’s northern wall gives glimpses of the outdoor terrace.

REX 公式サイト
https://rex-ny.com