タイ・ウドーンターニーの農村地帯に位置する寺院の、修行僧のための寮と共用施設の計画である。
この寺院には、公教育を受けられない家庭に無償で教育を提供する寺子屋があり、修行僧として入学する生徒の増加に伴い新たな寮の建設が求められた。
当初の依頼は、600万バーツ(約2100万円)の予算で2階建ての寮を新築するものであったが、現地調査を経て、敷地内にあった旧校舎を寮に改修し、予算の一部を共用の水廻りと図書室の新築に充てることを提案した。
このスキームによって、当初の予算内で学習や課外活動の場を提供するとともに、敷地のコンテクストや既存建物を尊重し、新しいものと共存させることを試みた。
寺院の敷地内で廃墟となっていた旧校舎は、RCの柱と梁を残して解体し、外壁・間仕切壁・屋根などの必要な要素のみを追加して、約40人の修行僧のための寮へと改修した。修行僧たちとのワークショップを経て、リビングを兼ねた大きな廊下に沿って、4~5人で共有するベッドルームを配置するプランが採用された。土地の風道に直交して建つ既存建物の配置を活かし、居室の南北に開口部を設けることで、空調設備がなくても自然な風の流れで有効に換気ができる計画とした。
廊下の外側には、有孔ブロックを斜めに積層させたスクリーンを設けることで、広場からの視線を遮り、プライバシーを確保しながらも、光と風が通り抜けるよう配慮した。
寮の裏手に配置された水廻りは、寺院の敷地内にいるすべての修行僧を受け入れ、一日中、気軽な集まりや交流の場となる。屋根は、半透明と不透明の屋根材を交互に配置することで、建物内部に太陽光をバランスよく取り込めるように設計した。自然光と風通しを確保することで、衛生的にも良い状態を保つことができる。
図書室は、既存校舎から直接アクセスできるよう廊下の延長線上に配置し、渡り廊下で繋いだ。既存校舎の床レベルに合わせて床を高くすることで、風の流れを良くして湿度を下げる効果も期待できる。また、南側に傾斜する屋根をかけ、直射日光を防ぐとともに、北側にハイサイドライトを設けた。隣接する校舎の白い壁面に日光を反射させ、図書室内に間接光を取り込むことで、書籍の劣化を防ぎながらも心地よい明るさを確保した。
竣工後、3つの建物は僧侶たちの日常に溶け込み、彼らの生活行為が掛け合わされることで、もとからそこにあったような自然さをもつ建物群となった。(進藤理奈)
Dormitory and shared facilities for monks, old and new coexisting
This is a plan for a dormitory and common facilities for monks in a temple located in the rural area of Udon Thani, Thailand.
The temple has a temple school that provides free education to families who cannot afford public education. With the increase in students enrolled as novice monks, a new dormitory was required to be built.
The original request was to build a new two-story dormitory with a budget of 6 million baht (about 21 million yen). Still, after a site survey, we proposed to renovate the old school building on the site into a dormitory and use part of the budget to build additional common washroom and library.
With this scheme, we attempted to provide a place for learning and extracurricular activities within the initial budget while respecting the context of the site and the existing buildings and coexisting with the new ones.
The old school building, abandoned on the temple grounds, was dismantled, leaving the RC columns and beams. Only the necessary elements such as the exterior walls, partition walls, and the roof was added to transform it into a dormitory for approximately 40 novice monks. After a workshop with the novice monks, the plan was adopted in which the bedrooms, shared by four or five people, are located along a large corridor that serves as a communal leisure space. Taking advantage of the existing layout of the building, which is directly in the winding path of the land, we created openings on the north and south sides of the rooms to allow effective ventilation through natural wind flow without the need for air conditioning.
A wall made from perforated blocks stacked diagonally on the outside of the corridor blocks the view from the plaza, ensuring privacy and allowing natural light and air to flow through.
The washroom, located at the back of the dormitory, will host all the novice monks on the temple grounds and serve as a place for casual gatherings and interactions throughout the day. The roof was designed with alternating translucent and opaque roofing materials to balance the sunlight inside the building. By ensuring natural light and ventilation, the building will also maintain good hygiene.
The library is located as an extension of the corridor to allow direct access from the existing school building and is connected to it by a crossing corridor. The floor is raised to match the floor level of the existing school building to improve the flow of air and reduce humidity. A sloping roof on the south side prevents direct sunlight and provides high sidelights on the north side. By reflecting sunlight on the white walls of the adjacent school building and bringing indirect light into the library, a comfortable brightness was ensured while preventing the deterioration of the books.
After the construction was completed, the three buildings blended into the novice monks’ lives and their activities, creating a group of buildings with a naturalness that seemed to have always been there. (Rina Shindo)
【Buddhanimit Temple】
所在地:250/9 wat buddhanimit, mueang pia sub-district, kutchap district, udonthani 48150, Thailand
用途:その他宗教施設
クライアント:Buddhanimit Temple
竣工:2017年
設計:Skarn Chaiyawat + 進藤理奈 + Wittee Wisuthumporn
担当:Skarn Chaiyawat + 進藤理奈 + Wittee Wisuthumporn
構造設計:Sumpun Kutranon
熱環境コンサルタント:Achareeya Chaiyasamut
施工:Naris Pairat
撮影:Chaovarith Poonphol Photography
工事種別:コンバージョン(一部新築)
構造:RC造(一部鉄骨造)
規模:平屋
敷地面積:2420.00m²
建築面積:620.00m²
延床面積:620.00m²
設計期間:2016.02-2016.06
施工期間:2016.06-2017.03
【Buddhanimit Temple】
Location: 250/9 wat buddhanimit, mueang pia sub-district, kutchap district, udonthani 48150, Thailand
Principal use: Religious facility
Client: Buddhanimit Temple
Completion: 2017
Architects: Skarn Chaiyawat + Rina Shindo + Wittee Wisuthumporn
Design team: Skarn Chaiyawat + Rina Shindo + Wittee Wisuthumporn
Structure engineer: Sumpun Kutranon
Energy consultant: Achareeya Chaiyasamut
Contractor: Naris Pairat
Photographs: Chaovarith Poonphol Photography
Construction type: conversion / Partially New building
Main structure: Reinforced Concrete construction / Partially Steel
Building scale: 1 story
Site area: 2420.00m²
Building area: 620.00m²
Total floor area: 620.00m²
Design term: 2016.02-2016.06
Construction term: 2016.06-2017.03