北陸住居No.2 / chidori studio

空洞のようなテラスが街に余白を寄与する住宅

金沢市の文教エリアに建つ木造2階建ての住宅。周辺には緑が多く、公園や学校、競技場など、ゆとりある公共スペースが集まっている。本敷地裏の空き地は、かつて銀行の寮であった跡地で、その先に競技場の樹木がよく見渡せる。施主は「空き地の向こうの風景に対して大きな開口部を設けた住宅」を要望していた。しかし、敷地裏の空き地には、将来的に大きな建物が建つ可能性がある。また、前面道路はT字路になっているため、視線が奥まで抜ける箇所がある。そこで、もう1つの要望であった大きなテラスを、空き地の向こうの開放的な風景と前面道路のT字路の抜け感とを繋げるような位置に設け、テラスを介してリビングを開くことにした。前面道路のT字路から建物を見ると、建物に穿った大きな空洞のようなテラスが、建て詰まった住宅地にぽっかり余白をつくり、住宅地のすぐ裏にあった競技場の緑や空まで視線が抜けていく。住宅が隙間なく建ち並ぶ風景の中、テラスの大きな気積の空白が、周辺環境の固有性を浮き彫りにする。

理学療法士である施主が、将来的に自営業もできるように、1階には前面道路に長く水平に伸びた開口部を設けた土間や施術スペースを設け、外部からも見通しのよい窓辺環境を整え、裏側にプライバシーを確保した寝室＋水回りを集約させている。プライベートな諸室が集まっているので、あえて天井を低く抑えて落ち着いた場をつくり、水平連窓と合わせて平面的な長さを強調した伸びやかな断面構成としている。また、前面道路の傾斜を利用して、1階から地面や将来植える植栽を近く感じるように、半分程度の床を地中に埋めた。2階は、テラスと一体的に使える、大きな掃出し窓と高い天井による、おおらかで開放的なワンルームとした。テラスはLDKと連続する大きな屋根を架け、降雨積雪の多い北陸地方でも使いやすい屋外スペースとし、北海道住宅によく見られる無落雪屋根を採用した。また、1階と2階のメインの開口部の向きを90度回転させることで、上下階の移動の際に感じる光の入り方や景色、外との繋がり方に変化をもたせた。

明快な2層構成であるが、表層的な操作ではなく、テラスの配置、室のプロポーションの差異、開口部の構成 / 向きなどの建築的な手法によって、上下階に異なるおおらかな場の設計を試みた。（岡佑亮）

A house with a cavernous terrace that contributes marginal space to the city

This two-story wooden house is located in an educational area of Kanazawa City. The surrounding area has greenery and spacious public spaces, including parks, schools, and stadiums. The vacant lot behind the main site is the site of a former bank dormitory, with a clear view of the trees of the stadium beyond. The client requested “a house with large openings to the landscape beyond the vacant lot. However, the vacant lot behind the site has the potential for a large building to be constructed. In addition, the front road is a T-junction, so there are places where the line of sight goes to the back of the house. Therefore, we decided to build a large terrace, which was another request, in a position that would connect the open landscape beyond the vacant lot with the openness of the T-junction of the front road and open the living room through the terrace. When looking at the building from the T-junction of the front road, the terrace, which looks like a large cavity in the building, creates a blank space in the congested residential area, allowing the eye to pass through to the greenery and sky of the stadium, which is located just behind the residential area. In a landscape where houses stand side by side, the terrace’s ample air space highlights the uniqueness of the surrounding environment.

To enable the owner, a physiotherapist, to run his own business in the future, a long horizontal opening to the front street is provided on the first floor, with an earthen floor and treatment space and a window environment with a good view from the outside, while a privacy-securing bedroom and water room are concentrated on the back side of the house. The ceiling is kept low to create a relaxed atmosphere in this private space, and the horizontal windows are used to emphasize the flat length of the building, creating an elongated cross-sectional composition. The second floor is a spacious and open one-room house with a large sweep-out window and high ceilings, which can be used as an integral part of the terrace. The terrace is roofed with a large roof that is continuous with the LDK, making it an outdoor space that is easy to use even in the Hokuriku region, which experiences heavy rainfall and snowfall. The main openings on the first and second floors are rotated 90 degrees to change how light enters the space, the view, and the connection to the outside when moving between the upper and lower floors.

Although it is a clear two-story structure, it is not a superficial manipulation but an attempt to design a generous place that differs between the upper and lower floors through architectural techniques such as the arrangement of terraces, differences in the proportions of the rooms, and the composition and orientation of the openings. (Yusuke Oka)