古くから使い尽くされてきた家型。その効用は数え切れない。家型を用いることは、まず町並みに馴染ませるための常套策である。そして雨仕舞いの合理性から、谷戸のような落葉の多い立地で特に信頼できる形式である。このように家型は、第一に実務面で優等生である。しかしここで家型を用いたのは、その課題解決能力だけが理由ではない。
家型の真価はそのアイコン性にあると思う。その力強い抽象形態で建物をパッケージ化し、それが「家」であると雄弁に語ることができるのだ。
本計画はRC造の1階の上に、ひとまわり大きな木造の家型ボリュームが載る構成である。
RC造の1階には執務や趣味のように補助的な生活に使う部屋（書斎や茶室など）を配置した。一方で2階には生活基盤となる部屋（居間、台所、寝室、風呂など）を配し、それらをまとめて切妻屋根で包んでいる。2階を「家」の原型と捉えて、家型の力を借りて結晶化し、まるで神輿のようにRC造基壇の上に担ぎ上げたのだ。
昨今、コロナ禍で生活スタイルが変わり、家のスタイルも多様になった。それでも変わらないことは「家」に「住まう意志」が宿ることだと思う。建主には東京のマンション生活から移って、鎌倉で新しい暮らしをスタートしたいという強い想いがあった。その想いを家型という形式で結晶化させ、礼讃するのである。（早坂直貴）
A house materializing "will for living" by utilizing the power of gable roof
As a style commonly used in many buildings, gable roof has been widely adopted in the history of architecture. Its use and effect has been countless and enormous. It is the same old, yet the most commonly adopted style to blend and dissolve a building into a townscape. The rational weathering capability of gable roof has been proven trustworthy particularly in mountainous areas. However, this style was adopted in this project for the reasons far beyond its problem-solving ability.
We think the most essential characteristic of gable roof lies in its iconic nature. The abstract form with a powerful, bold presence of gable roof can unify building components into a single package as a “house” in a symbolic gesture.
The first floor of this house is constructed in a reinforced concrete structure, while a slightly larger volume produced in wooden structure is placed on top of the first floor volume along with a gable roof.
The first floor structure consists of rooms used for auxiliary functions such as work and hobby (ie. home office or tea room). The second floor contains rooms for essential functions such as living, dining, bedroom and bathroom, and those rooms are unified to be enclosed under the gable roof. The second floor level is crystalized as an archetype of a “house” by borrowing the power of gable roof, which is then lifted up as if like a “mikoshi (portable shrine body)” to be placed on top of the reinforced concrete structure of the first floor volume also functioning as a podium.
Recently, daily lifestyles of people have changed by the pandemic, and the styles of house design have also become more diverse. Even so, each house is always colored by the one residing in the house, according to their “will for living”. The owner had a strong will and intention to start a new life in Kamakura after moving from an apartment in Tokyo. This “will for living” took a shape of a house with gable roof, in praise of its power and presence. (Naoki Hayasaka)
【家型礼讃】
所在地：神奈川県鎌倉市
用途：戸建住宅
クライアント：個人
竣工：2022年
設計：邸宅巣箱
担当：早坂直貴、斧田裕太
構造設計：杉本将基構造設計事務所
協働設計：五十嵐悠介建築事務所
施工：大同工業
撮影：根本健太郎、原田教正、山根 晋
工事種別：新築
構造：混構造
規模：地上2階
敷地面積：328.39m²
建築面積：131.05m²
延床面積：159.91m²
設計期間：2021.01-2021.07
施工期間：2021.08-2022.07
【In praise of gable roof】
Location: Kamakura-shi, Kanagawa, Japan
Principal use: Residence
Client: Individual
Completion: 2022
Architects: Teitakusubako, Yusuke Igarashi Architects
Design team: Naoki Hayasaka, Yuta Onoda, Yusuke Igarashi
Structure engineer: Masaki Sugimoto Structural Design Office
Collaborative Design: Yusuke Igarashi Architects
Constructor: Daido Kogyo
Photographs: Kentaro Nemoto, Kazumasa Harada, Shin Yamane
Construction type: New building
Main structure: Mixed structure
Scale: 2 stories
Site area: 328.39m²
Building area: 131.05m²
Total floor area: 159.91m²
Design term: 2021.01-2021.07
Construction term: 2021.08-2022.07
